THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF 'DISCOURSE' IN CONTEMPORARY LINGUISTICS

The article is devoted to the definition of the concept of discourse in linguistics through the prism of different approaches, identifying the features of each. The history of the ‘discourse’ term were widely analyzed. To consider the concept of discourse, four approaches were widely discussed. According to research of these approaches, it was revealed that one side of the discourse is addressed to pragmatics, to typical situations of communication, the other to the processes occurring in the minds of the participants in communication, and the third to the text itself. This gave reason to believe that discourse can be considered both as a process and as a result in the form of a fixed text