Alzheimer's disease: classification and diagnosis criteria

Swakowska Katarzyna, Staniszewska Anna. Alzheimer's disease: classification and diagnosis criteria. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(7):22-29. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.07.002 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.07.002 https://zenodo.org/record/5068968 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 06.06.2021. Revised: 15.06.2021. Accepted: 05.07.2021. Alzheimer's disease: classification and diagnosis criteria Choroba Alzheimera: klasyfikacja oraz kryteria rozpoznania choroby Katarzyna Swakowska1, Anna Staniszewska2 1 Volkssolidarität NORDOST e.V 2 Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, ORCID: 0000-0001-9851-367X Author for correspondence: Katarzyna Swakowska, Volkssolidarität NORDOST e.V., Helige-Geist-Straße 2, 17389 Anklam, Deutschland, tel. 530222104, e-mail: swakowskakasia@gmail.com Abstract In recent years, the intensity of population aging has increased and the incidence of senile diseases, including dementia, has significantly increased. With the aging of populations in Europe, knowledge about the detection and diagnosis of dementia has increased in the last decade. Due to the increase in the number of patients, new therapies and precise diagnostic criteria have been introduced, contributing to faster diagnosis of the disease. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the biggest cause of dementia in old age. It is characterized by progressive cognitive deficits, especially memory, and disorders such as: apathy, agitation and psychotic symptoms. Alzhaimer's disease is a degenerative brain disease caused by the deposition of pathological B-amyloid protein tau and alpha-synuclein in the brain, causing atrophy of neurons and their connections. The basis for diagnosis of dementia in the course of Alzheimer's disease are ICD-10 or DSM-IV criteria. The clinical course and symptoms in the course of AD are defined by the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), the scale also determines the stage of the disease. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs and memantine are used to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Prompt diagnosis and treatment significantly delays the progression of the disease and helps to prolong normal functioning of the patient. Keywords: dementia, Alzheimer's disease, diagnostic criteri