Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity of ascidian Eudistoma cf. purpuropuctatum

Ascidians are invertebrates found in coral reef ecosystems that produce bioactive compounds for pharmacological purposes where these animals can associate with microbes and have a great deal of molecular potential due to their bioactive secondary metabolites that they produce. Using the ascidian extract Eudistoma cf. purpuropunctatum collected from Manado Bay, this study aims to determine its toxicity and antibacterial activity. Analyses showed the LC50 for ascidian Eudistoma cf. purpuropunctatum is 7.31 ppm and it is classified as extremely toxic. Further bioactivity testing of this ascidian shows that it has very strong activity against Gram-negative strain Escherichia coli DSM498 and Gram-positive strain Bacillus megaterium DSM32T. In addition, the related species has a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value against B. megaterium at a concentration of 1000 ppm, whereas the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was greater than 1000 ppm