Production networks in the cultural and creative sectors: case studies from the festival and performing arts industries

Festivals and performing arts span a wide spectrum, from massive international music festivals to local celebrations with regional artists. Despite their differences, they all share the common element of live performances for a paying audience. These performances are ephemeral, occurring at a specific moment in time and disappearing once concluded. Festivals serve as forums for artistic appreciation and celebration, encompassing various art forms and fostering the exchange of ideas. They act as laboratories for artistic experimentation and contribute to cultural identity. Festivals have a significant impact, supporting local development and creating solidarity while providing opportunities for both professionals and amateurs to showcase their talents. This report examines the production networks in the festival and performing arts sector in Europe, specifically focusing on the Netherlands and Bulgaria. Through statistical analysis and interviews with stakeholders, the report offers insights into the general aspects and specific features of this sector. The selected case studies capture the diverse nature of festivals, highlighting their importance in cultivating an educated audience, fostering local development, and promoting artistic expression. Festivals play a vital role in supporting artists, producers, and attendees, while serving as platforms for exceptional performances and cultural enrichment