Kategorie społeczne i ich znaczenie w myśli o. Józefa Marii Bocheńskiego OP

Józef Innocenty Maria Bocheński was one of the most colourful figures of the 20th century Polish emigration. His eventful biography would have been suf­ficient to endow with it several people – Dominican father, logician, historian of philosophy, sovietologist, army chapla­in, pilot and traveller, renowned lectu­rer and valued preacher, he was one of the most original and outstanding Po­lish intellectuals. As a scholar, lecturer and publicist he left a vast legacy. Tho­mism was a starting point of his acade­mic journey (under supervision of Fr. Ja­cek Woroniecki), later on he devoted himself to logic and analytic philosophy. He described himself as a rationalist, analyst and exponent of objectivity. This rationalist trait was characteristic of Fr. Bocheński - he perceived all problems and issues through the lens of philoso­phical realism, cognitive objectivity and, in his earlier writings, from the stand­point of Thomism with its basic me­taphysical categories. In his analyses Bocheński made Ari­stotelian realism his point of departure, claiming that a man as a person is essen­tially a social being because of his spiri­tual nature. A human being is a social being both in a negative („a man as a person cannot live without society be­cause his full development will be im­possible to achieve without it”) and po­sitive sense („man is adapted to society, coexistence and cooperation with other people”). These bonds and relationships are so strong that sociability constitutes an essential feature of human nature