BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND STRESS HYPERGLYCEMIA IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE

Objective: To determine the frequency of stress hyperglycemia and estimate the blood sugar level in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study of six months was conducted at tertiary care hospital Hyderabad. All the patients with acute cerebral infarction of ≥35 years of age, either gender with CT proven fresh cases of cerebral infarction were recruited and enrolled in the study after taken informed consent. All the cases had detail history, physical examination and routine biochemical investigations; a random testing of blood sugar level was advised at time of presentation in the ward. Depending on the blood glucose level on admission, the HbA1C and past history of diabetes mellitus, these patients were categorized into euglycemia, stress hyperglycemia (RBS>140mg/dl) and diabetes mellitus group. The frequency and percentages was calculated while the numerical statistics were used to compute mean ±SD. Results: During six months study period, fifty patients of acute ischemic stroke were recruited and enrolled in the study. The mean age ± SD for whole population was 55.97± 9.62 years while it is 53.92±8.85 and 56.83±9.72 years in male and female population respectively whereas the mean ±SD for HBA1C in overall population was 6.81±1.52. Regarding the glycemic status, the euglycemia, stress hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus 24%, 46% and 30% patients of acute ischemic stroke with mean ±SD as 127.83 ± 9.72, 220.92 ± 10.93 and 275.73 ± 30.84 respectively. The common risk factors identified were hypertension (76%), smoking (70%) and dyslipidemia (58%). Conclusion: Stress hyperglycemia identified as a common finding in patients with acute ischemic stroke and on presentation associated with poor recovery in diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Stress hyperglycemia, Diabetes mellitus, Euglycemia and Acute ischemic stroke