A Review of Smoking on Cardiovascular Disease: Impact on Human Health

Abstract— Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. They also inflict huge direct and indirect financial costs on the worldwide society. With the ready availability of affordable therapeutics globally, and the relatively slow development of newer therapeutics, lifestyle behaviors are gaining importance, both as preventive and therapeutic interventions. Smoking tobacco is consistently and strongly related with a higher risk of CVD incidence, adverse progression, and increased mortality. Smoking is deleteriously associated with most cardiovascular diseases. Smokers die of more CVDs than from any other cause. Cessation of smoking is therefore paramount in improving worldwide CVD health. This paper reviews the negative effects of smoking on cardiovascular diseases