A SYSTEMETIC STUDY TO DETERMINE THE PREVALENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS-A REVIEW ARTICLE

The international federation state that, 415 million people have diabetes, in which 91% have type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The overall world’s population suffering from type 2 diabetes is 8.8% that too would rise to 642 million by 2040. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has been increasing quickly with the passage of time. A study conducted by Abraham et al report that the incidence of the diabetes is 83.3% and higher in males than females. Cardiovascular disease is one of the major cause of death and causing disability among people suffering from diabetes. Adults who have diabetes have more prevalence of CVD as compared to adults without diabetes. And the risk of developing CVD increases continuously with rising fasting plasma glucose level. T2DM decreases the life expectancy by 10 years and one of the leading causes to death is CVD. Moreover, people with T2DM are more prone to develop CVD than no diabetic people. A study conducted to calculate the death rates due to cardiovascular disease over 7 year period in patient with and without type 2 diabetes. Methods: This study was based on systematic review. 57 articles were reviewed. All the participants’ age more than 18 having diabetes were included in this study. Prevalence rates were compared between male and female and between obese and no-obese patient. All the participants who previously had peripheral artery disease (PAD), rheumatic heart disease, cardiac dysrhythmias (e.g., atrial or ventricular fibrillation), or requirement for surgery such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)/coronary revascularization were excluded. Conclusion: CVD is one of the major cause of death in T2DM with coronary artery disease having the high prevalence. Key words: Prevalence, Cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus