Utilization of Organic Waste as Sustainable Electrical Bioenergy with Microbial Fuel Cell Method

The problem of organic waste is not new in the world, but so far organic waste management has only become fertilizer. Organic waste is solid waste that is easy to rot and causes a very strong odor, so it requires new management innovations. The use of electrical energy sourced from non-renewable and unsustainable materials can cause environmental problems such as air pollution, noise pollution, and waste pollution. The two problems that occur in Indonesia that both cause a lot of disadvantages, especially in the environment, can be turned into a benefit that will help overcome the problem, namely by utilizing microbial fuel cell technology. The manufacture of Microbial fuel cells with the main substrate in the form of organic waste has the aim of solving environmental problems due to organic waste and non-renewable and unsustainable sources of electrical energy. Microbial fuel cells have four main components, namely substrate, anode, proton exchange membrane, and cathode. The working principle of the microbial fuel cell is to take advantage of bacterial interactions that occur in organic waste and the results of interactions in the form of chemical energy are converted into electrical energy. The electrical energy generated by microbial fuel cells can solve the problem of electrical energy sources and organic waste. Microbial fuel cells in the future are expected to be able to become an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly and sustainable. Low electrical power as well as the selection of the right organic waste substrate are challenges in developmen