Impeachment Procedure as an Institute of Constitutional and Legal Responsibility in Foreign Countries: the Relationship between Formal Fixing and Implementation

The article is devoted to the characteristics of impeachment as an institution of constitutional and legal responsibility in foreign countries. The problem of the ratio of formal consolidation and the actual implementation of this procedure is considered. The factors that create difficulties in the process of implementing the impeachment procedure are highlighted. The analysis of the grounds for the application of the impeachment procedure in different countries is presented and the national features of the application of such grounds are analyzed. The general procedure of impeachment is considered and examples of national features of shift in the order of impeachment are given. The powers of the subjects of impeachment are considered and examples of different procedures are given. The consequences of the impeachment procedure in different countries are highlighted. With regard to the United States of America, the impeachment procedure is described and the powers of the bodies involved in the procedure are given. The decisions of the US Congress, which determine the range of subjects of impeachment. The conditions under which individuals can be impeachment are considered and the peculiarities of regulation at the federal and state levels are given. Judicial precedents in the history of the United States concerning the impeachment of Presidents are presented and analyzed. The issue of impeachment of federal judges is considered separately and the conditions and grounds for the application of the impeachment procedure are determined. As for the Republic of Belarus, the procedure and grounds for impeachment, which are provided by the Constitution, are considered. The powers of the bodies involved in the implementation of the impeachment procedure are highlighted. The guarantees of the President of the Republic of Belarus regarding his impeachment removal are given. The court decisions revealing features and problems of implementation of the impeachment procedure in the Republic of Belarus are resulted