The results of monitoring of water quality in Dnipro river (some ecological and hygienic aspects)

Antomonov M., Zorina O. The results of monitoring of water quality in Dnipro river (some ecological and hygienic aspects). Актуальні проблеми транспортної медицини / Actual problems of transport medicine / 2018;2(52):42-55. ISSN 1818-9385 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1314745 http://aptm.org.ua THE RESULTS OF MONITORING OF WATER QUALITY IN DNIPRO RIVER (SOME ECOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC ASPECTS) M. Antomonov, doctor of biological sciences, head of the laboratory, е-mail: antomonov@gmail.com O. Zorina, candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher, principal scientist, е-mail: wateramnu@ukr.net SI “O.M. Marzeiev Institute for Public Health” NAMSU Abstract. It was determined, that overall water quality in Dnipro regarding the content of COD, color, ammonium, and phosphorus in 12 sampling points, which were placed from the lower to upper part of the river, met the requirements for the 2-3 class according to DSTU 4808: 2007 “Sources of centralized potable water supply”. Hygienic and ecological requirements to the water quality and the rules of sampling” and had an increased content of organic substances. The average content of COD in 2015-2017 (27,66 ± 0,203 mg/l) remained almost the same in comparison with the data from 1994-1998 and nearly 2 times exceeded the hygienic standard for the potable water sources (15,0 mg/l). Maximum average content of COD was determined in point №5 and №6 of Kremenchuk reservoir and Kamyansky reservoir respectively. The average content of phosphate ion referred to the 3rd class of hazard according to the DSTU 4808: 2007 (from 0,156 to 0,61 mg/l). The most polluted water for the phosphorus content was found in point №2 — Kaniv reservoir (0,549 ± 0,038 mg/l), №3 (0,507 ± 0,033 mg/l) and №4-Kremenchuk reservoir (0,439 ± 0,049 mg/l). At the same time water from this point also had high content of ammonium (up to 0,381 ± 0,009 mg/l, 0,376 ± 0,014 mg/l, 0,376 ± 0,012 mg/l respectively). The average color content was consistently high in water from points №1-6 in comparison with water from other points. Maximum color content was determined in water from point №6 of Kamyansky reservoir 41,301 ± 0,601 deg. In the water from the same point was also determined the minimum content of oxygen — 7,187 ± 0,166 mg/l. It was determined that maximum detected concentrations of iron (0,52 mg/l) and manganese (0,32 mg/l) did't exceed the hygienic standarts for potable water- (1,0 mg/l) and (0,5 mg/l) respectively. After the assessment of all indicators the most problematic quality of the river water was determined in point №6 Kamyansky reservoir (near Goryshni Plavni). The list of factors (temperature, time) which influence on the content of certain substances was analyzed. Previously conducted correlation analysis of the indicators of the river water quality with temperature showed the accurate connection of it with COD (p < 0,001), and also oxygen (p < 0,05) in all sampling points. Mathematical models, which describe the dependence of COD (p < 0,001) and negative dependence (p < 0,001) of oxygen from temperature, and also the dynamic of changes in COD concentrations through the different seasons of year, were created, the maximum peak in the warm period of year (p < 0,001) (first decade of August) was confirmed. One of the main current tasks must be the lowering of the phosphorus and nitrogen content in the surface waters in order to limit the development of phytoplankton and improve the water quality in potable water supply sources by lowering the level of organic substances content. Conducted research is one of the reasons for the increase of permanganate oxydation standard in potable water (5 mg/l), produced from the surface water of Dnipro using the traditional technology of water treatment on the water supply stations, under certain conditions according to the Directive 98/83/EС regarding the water intended for human use. Key words: river water, water quality, phosphorus, nitrogen, color