Environmental and Social Sustainable Development Evaluation in Mining Industry (Case study in Guinea and China)

One of the main global challenges that now affects all countries, either individually or collectively, is environmental concern. Metals and minerals are crucial to contemporary life and to the economic and social progress of our civilization. Human sustainability is correlated with environmental sustainability; the and economic, social, and environmental factors all play a role in sustainable development. In contrast to China's mining environmental impact, this study primarily focused on the sustainability of mining and its effects in Guinea. The Folchi approach is a crucial tool for environmental impact assessments (EIA). The Inner Mongolia Bayan Obo mine, the world's largest source of rare earth elements (REE), as well as three Guinean bauxite mines are used in this study to evaluate and quantify the environmental, social, and economic impact of mining activities. This paper also applies an improvement to the Folchi method in EIA. For each environmental component, numerous affecting aspects from mining operations were calculated, which may be classified as social interactions, air and water quality, flora, and wildlife, as well as public health and safety. Each influencing element was first assigned a magnitude for this reason, merely based on the range of potential outcomes. The impacts of each influencing element were then thoroughly quantified and normalized using a matrix of weighted factors that was generated. Weighted rates were then added to determine the total effect on each specific environmental component. Folchi technique was used in this instance to assess such environmental factors. The Environmental Impact Statement for the planned mining operation may thus be easily shown graphically. The study emphasizes the usefulness of using the model to accomplish the goal of sustainable mining. This study is significant from an environmental and socioeconomic standpoint, and mining environmental impact assessors, researchers, and Guinea's government should all take it into consideration