The use of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of intestinal diseases

Gabriela Ręka, Emilia Nowak, Dominika Psiuk, Agata Rocka, Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna. The use of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of intestinal diseases. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(9):676-689. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.09.082 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.09.082 https://zenodo.org/record/4047945 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 10.09.2020. Revised: 24.09.2020. Accepted: 24.09.2020. The use of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of intestinal diseases Gabriela Ręka1, Emilia Nowak1, Dominika Psiuk1, Agata Rocka1, Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna2 1 Gabriela Ręka https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9728-5281 gabrysia.reka@gmail.com 1 Emilia Nowak https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4012-2419 emilia.m.nowak@wp.pl 1 Dominika Psiuk https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3319-3489 dominika.psiuk@gmail.com 1 Agata Rocka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4738-3160 agatarocka2@gmail.com 2 Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0573-7226 halpiec@gmail.com 1 Students’ Scientific Association of Chair and Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland 2 Chair and Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland Introduction and purpose Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a process of transferring gut microflora from a healthy donor to a recipient. It is indicated that the human distal gastrointestinal tract consists of more than 1000 species of bacteria, which have an impact on local and systemic processes related to immunity, nutrition and the gut-brain axis. The growth of new bacterial species, reduction of microbial variety or big changes in the ratio between them can lead to a dysbiosis. The relationship between intestinal microbiota and some systemic diseases is seen. The study aimed to present the state of knowledge on FMT in the treatment of intestinal diseases. Publications from the last 5 years from the Pubmed database were included. A brief description of the state of knowledge Intestinal diseases constitute the main group of indications for FMT. FMT can be delivered via upper or lower gastrointestinal routes. The review presents different studies concerning the usage of FMT. Among them, recurrent Clostridium difficile infection, colitis ulcerosa, Crohn’s disease and irritable bowel syndrome are mainly indicated in the literature. FMT might find its application also in a treatment of multidrug-resistant organisms colonization, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, gut acute graft-versus-host disease and radiation enteritis. There is a possibility of the occurrence of adverse events from the digestive tract after FMT. However, the studies evaluate them as mostly mild and transient. In some cases it was necessary to repeat FMT to achieve a satisfactory final result. Conclusions Fecal microbiota transplantation gives hope for a safe and effective method of treatment of certain intestinal diseases. There is a need for conducting further analysis of the method. Key words: fecal microbiota transplantation; gastrointestinal microbiome; intestinal disease