A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF IRAN' S BANKING SUPERVISION SYSTEM AND THE US FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

Abstract Background: One of the most important institutions in the field of economy of any country is banks, whose most important product is the production of information. Due to their key role in the field of economics in terms of monetary policy transfer, financial intermediation, maturity conversion, facilitating the flow of payments, allocating credit and maintaining financial order in the economy ..., close, continuous and efficient monitoring of them It is a basic necessity Following that, the independence of the supervisor of the structural independence of the organizations supervising financial independence and the independence of human resources is one of the most important elements of supervision. In fact, both the independence of the central bank and the independence of the supervisory authority are both factors that can be considered to promote banking supervision. Objective: To compare the supervisory structure of the banking system in the Central Bank of Iran and the United States Method: The present article has been done by library method and by reviewing the relevant books and articles and laws and regulations related to the field of banking in Iran and the United States. Finding: In the opinion of Iran's banking supervisory system, there are gaps such as limitation of the central bank's authority in the form of monetary and banking law and related regulations. Conclusion: The mechanism of monitoring banking operations in Iran and the United States in terms of structure, regulatory impact, regulatory scope, etc. is severe and weak, and the three mechanisms of the Federal Reserve, the Office of Monetary Control and the State Audit Office in comparison with bank supervision Central Iran has applied a more effective mechanism in the banking system