OSTEOPATHIES IN A SAMPLE OF HUMAN SKULLS FROM THE MAUSOLEUM CRYPT OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR HEROES, IN IAȘI (IAŞI COUNTY, ROMANIA)

This study describes osteopathies identified in a sample of 50 human skulls collected from the Mausoleum Crypt of the World War I Heroes in Iași-Calea Galata (Iași County, Romania). The skulls have been collected during consolidation and rehabilitation of the monument, in 2020–2021. The osteological material belonged to four adolescents (three males and one female), 25 young adults (22 males and three females), 19 middle adults (males) and two old adults (males). The distribution by sex indicates a higher male mortality rate as opposed to females (i.e., 46 males and four females), resulting in a higher masculinity index of 8.69. The frequency of pathologies, anomalies and non-metric features was estimated both separately by sex, and for the entire sample. In the entire analysed sample, the wormian bones recorded 46%, followed by cranial trauma (20%), porotic hyperostosis (18%), cribra orbitalia and supraorbital foramen (with equal frequency – 10%), premature synostosis of the sagittal suture and infection (6% each), and metopic suture (4%)