GSCM, GHRM and Sustainable Performance: Does External Pressures matter?

As the ever-increasing concern for the environment is among the world’s most crucial issues, and organizations must balance their economic, environmental, and social performance. With these increasing environmental and socio-economic concerns, organizations integrate and implement green practices along their supply chains and human resource management practices. The current study examines the influence of green supply chain and human resource management on sustainable performance with the moderating role of external pressures. The partial least square–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analytical tool (Smart PLS) is used to analyze the data. The findings show that green supply chain management (GSCM) substantially positively influences sustainable performance (SP). Similarly, green supply chain management (GSCM) positively impacts green human resource management (GHRM). In the same way, GHRM has a significantly positive influence on SP. GHRM plays a partial mediating role between GSCM and SP. External pressures (EP) fully moderate the relationship between GSCM and SP but in a negative manner. This means that as external forces increase, the effect of GSCM on SP decreases