History of the creation of vocational education in the Russian Empire and the leading states of the world on the pages of the «People's encyclopedia»

Based on the analysis of the content of the 10th volume of the "People's Encyclopedia of Scientific and Applied Knowledge" describes the history of vocational education in the Russian Empire and the most developed countries. According to the authors of the "People's Encyclopedia" the purpose of vocational education in the early twentieth century. was the preparation of the younger generation for practical activities in industry, trade, agriculture and art. The history of the emergence of this area of training for the Russian state arose only in the late nineteenth century. Although in Europe with the development of technology and industry, the need for skilled workers in these industries arose much earlier. The article reviews the system of vocational education in the Russian Empire begins with the agricultural sector. The general network of these institutions included higher, secondary and lower educational institutions. Characterizing each of the links of professional agricultural education shows the purpose, objectives and features of each of them, their quantitative characteristics. A similar scheme also considers the development of technical and commercial vocational education, as well as the activities of art and art-industrial educational institutions. An important aspect of solving this problem is that the second part of the article shows the development of vocational education in the leading countries of the world: Germany, France, England, Japan, USA. Using comparative characteristics, it is shown that the network of vocational education institutions in the leading countries of the world was created and improved based on the needs of each territory. Moreover, in foreign countries much attention was paid to education and literacy of the entire population. In Russia, however, these issues were not given due attention