REVIEW ABOUT THERAPEUTIC AND PROPHYLACTIC EFFECTS OF VITAMIN (D AND E) ON SOME RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS, AND COVID 19

Oxidative stress associated with almost all viral infections in other words, inducing immune storm which increase generation of reactive-oxygen species(ROS) that causes damage in small vessels cellular membranes extensively at viral infections durance.Vitamin E considered as one amongmany antioxidants examinedin mice in infections of influenza virus, with a leader position for its ability in blocking oxidative damage by its scavenging activity of free-radical. The phenomenon of Vitamin D multi-directional activity is probablybecause of the existence of theVit. Dreceptors (VDR)sin most human cells of non-skeletal.Also, vit. D able tochange the immunity (acquired and innate) , therefore able to be utilized as preventive, therapeutic adjuvant vaccine, for many viral infections difficultly to treat like influenza virus, and course modulating therapy for oral herpes virus, Epstein bar virus, hepatitis B virus, and some respiratory viruses, like covid 19.Retinoic acid has important role in cell differentiation and growth,where vitamin A partially can regulate viral growth. Retinoidsinfluence many of virus infections in different complex ways i.e., ifvariouslines of cellshave an infectionby the human cytomegalic-virus(hCMV), cells exposure to retinoic acid (RA) encouragesexpression of viral nucleic acid with vulnerability to infection