Carbon sequestration by different ecosystem components

Abstract: Global environmental problems of global warming and climate change are primarily due to uncontrolled emission of green house gas (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2) in atmosphere. Various ecosystem components (plants, microbes, soil and water) in environment play important role to sequester the carbon (C) and minimize the problem. The literature considering the carbon sequestration properties of different ecosystem components is scanty. The present review attempted to draw a short picture on the carbon sequestration properties of different ecosystem components in environment as literature available. The present paper summarized the C-sequestration properties of higher plants (forestry, agroforestry, tropical and subtropical forests, medicinal plants and biofuel producing plants), algae, fungi, bacteria, soil and water to exhibit and elucidates their role in minimizing the problems of global warming and climate change and showed that variation in carbon storage among different tree species, other organisms and abiotic components. It can be concluded herein that ecosystem components play vital role in minimizing the CO2-emission. Therefore, management and conservation of natural resources or ecosystem components in the environment is necessary to improve the control measures against the problem of global warming and climate change