Trends of Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation Development in Indonesia

There is an inseparable relationship between the use of technology and environmental damage. To overcome environmental damage, the world's population must make various efforts, especially the use of the latest technology by utilizing environmentally friendly fossil fuels. Coal is one of the fossil fuels and most of the coal is used for power generation. Power plants that use coal as an energy source can cause increased pollutant emissions such as SO2, NOx, CO2 and others. Most of the power plants in Indonesia use coal as an energy source. The existence of the Paris Agreement which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions encourages the Indonesian government to reduce air emissions. Indonesia has coal reserves of 38.84 billion tons in 2021. With many power plants that use coal energy and Indonesia's very large coal reserves, technologies that can minimize pollution resulting from coal utilization are needed. One way that can be done to overcome this problem is to apply clean coal technology (Clean Coal Technologies) which can be classified according to the level of the energy production process at the time of power generation, including PreCombustion and Post-Combustion technologies. The technology used before the combustion stage is using FBC (Fluidized Bed Combustion) technology, coal gasification technology, MHD (Magnetic Hydrodynamic Technology), Fuel Cell Technology and IGCC Combination. The technology carried out after the combustion stage is using denitrification technology, dedusting technology, desulfurization technology and oxy-combustion system. In this study, the author will use a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, where the research intends to understand clean coal technologies that can be applied to power plants in Indonesia