The dromedary domestication problem: 3000 BC rock art evidence for the existence of wild One-humped camel in Central Arabia

The paper discusses a rock depiction -- probably the earliest -- of a one-humped camel (Sha’ib Musamma open-air site, Saudi Arabia, ca. 3000 BC) in the context of the still unclear problem of dromedary’s domestication, and the time and place of this. The enigmatic wild ancestor is discussed too. According to our analysis, the depiction shows a scene of hunting a wild one-humped camel -- the latest known evidence for the existence of the wild form