Sarcopenia as a problem of old age - a form of rehabilitation

Szmelcer Beniamin, Lamtych Martyna, Zwolinski Adrian, Lipka Marta, Modlińska Aleksandra, Kubiak Karolina, Kontowicz Marlena, Kwiatkowska Klaudia, Krakowska Natalia, Kuźba Karolina, Karło Aneta, Wilczyński Michał, Gajos Małgorzata, Podhorecka Marta, Kędziora Kornatowska Kornelia. Sarcopenia as a problem of old age - a form of rehabilitation. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(6):137-150. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3238267 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6995 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/915145 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.05.2019. Revised: 25.05.2019. Accepted: 04.06.2019. Sarcopenia as a problem of old age - a form of rehabilitation Beniamin Szmelcer1, Martyna Lamtych1, Adrian Zwolinski1, Marta Lipka1, Aleksandra Modlińska1, Karolina Kubiak1, Marlena Kontowicz1, Klaudia Kwiatkowska1, Natalia Krakowska1, Karolina Kuźba1, Aneta Karło1, Michał Wilczyński1, Małgorzata Gajos1, Marta Podhorecka1, Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska1 1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Nicolaus Copernicus University Abstract: Background: Sarkopenia as a disease has relatively recently become the object of research and the work of the academic community. Despite this, sarcopenia is an increasingly serious social problem, it can be seen in a large number of statistics and epidemiological studies. Among geriatric patients, along with their multiformity and the associated use of a large amount of medicines, it causes many negative effects related to the functioning of the whole organism as well as the quality of life of the patient himself. Material and methods: Analysis of available literature, articles in the Google Scholar and PubMed database using keywords: sarcopenia, geriatrics, rehabilitation, loss of muscle mass. Results: Among the studies and recommendations concerning sarcopenia, a continuous lack of clear, transparent and confirmed diagnostic criteria can be stated. At the diagnosis of this disease, an X-ray or a bioelectrical impedance analysis is used. Other methods used are functional tests, including a six-minute walk test or "Timed-Up and Go" test (TUG). In the case of rehabilitation of people with sarcopenia, the most effective form of kinesitherapy is individually selected resistive training, which has a positive effect not only on muscle mass growth, but also the body's protein metabolism and the improvement of the endocrine system. Physiotherapy is the most commonly used method of physical therapy, among other methods of rehabilitation there are also therapeutic massage, aqua aerobics, vibratory training, and Nordic Walking and diet supplementation. Conclusions: Sarcopenia in geriatric patients, especially with ineffective treatment and rehabilitation, has a destructive impact on both the physical and mental sphere of the patient. There is a great need for more extensive research, both on the whole disease process and the effectiveness of forms of assistance to patients. Key words: sarcopenia, geriatrics, rehabilitation, loss of muscle mas