The ecological impacts of predation risk are influenced by how prey allocate foraging effort across periods of safety and danger. Foraging decisions depend on current danger, but also on the larger temporal, spatial or energetic context in which prey manage their risks of predation and starvation. Using a rocky intertidal food chain, we examined the responses of starved and fed prey (Nucella lapillus dogwhelks) to different temporal patterns of risk from predatory crabs (Carcinus maenas). Prey foraging activity declined during periods of danger, but as dangerous periods became longer, prey state altered the magnitude of risk effects on prey foraging and growth, with likely consequences for community structure (trait-mediated indirect effect...
1. Predators can impact competition among prey by altering prey density via consumption or by causin...
Several studies on trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) have shown that predators can initia...
Several studies on trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) have shown that predators can initia...
The ecological impacts of predation risk are influenced by how prey allocate foraging effort across ...
The risk of predation can drive trophic cascades by causing prey to engage in antipredator behavior ...
The risk of predation can drive trophic cascades by causing prey to engage in antipredator behavior ...
The risk of predation can drive trophic cascades by causing prey to engage in antipredator behavior ...
In simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources b...
In simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources b...
In simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources b...
Animal populations are regulated by the combined effects of top-down, bottom-up and abiotic processe...
Animal populations are regulated by the combined effects of top-down, bottom-up and abiotic processe...
Animal populations are regulated by the combined effects of top-down, bottom-up and abiotic processe...
1. Predators can impact competition among prey by altering prey density via consumption or by causin...
1. Predators can impact competition among prey by altering prey density via consumption or by causin...
1. Predators can impact competition among prey by altering prey density via consumption or by causin...
Several studies on trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) have shown that predators can initia...
Several studies on trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) have shown that predators can initia...
The ecological impacts of predation risk are influenced by how prey allocate foraging effort across ...
The risk of predation can drive trophic cascades by causing prey to engage in antipredator behavior ...
The risk of predation can drive trophic cascades by causing prey to engage in antipredator behavior ...
The risk of predation can drive trophic cascades by causing prey to engage in antipredator behavior ...
In simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources b...
In simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources b...
In simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources b...
Animal populations are regulated by the combined effects of top-down, bottom-up and abiotic processe...
Animal populations are regulated by the combined effects of top-down, bottom-up and abiotic processe...
Animal populations are regulated by the combined effects of top-down, bottom-up and abiotic processe...
1. Predators can impact competition among prey by altering prey density via consumption or by causin...
1. Predators can impact competition among prey by altering prey density via consumption or by causin...
1. Predators can impact competition among prey by altering prey density via consumption or by causin...
Several studies on trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) have shown that predators can initia...
Several studies on trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) have shown that predators can initia...