A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Buerger Allen Exercise to Prevent Risk of Diabetic Foot by Improving Lower Extremity Perfusion among Clients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Selected Hospitals at Villupuram District, Tamilnadu

Background: Diabetes is a global health problem; it is a chronic disease and is now growing as an epidemic in both developed and developing countries. People with diabetes develop foot ulcers because of neuropathy, vascular insufficiency, and impaired wound healing. Studies suggested that, Asian patients had more evidence of micro and macro vascular complication. The prevalence of micro and macro vascular complications more in Asian are 66.4% and it is 44.2% more than European populations. Among these macro vascular complications accounts for 27.8%. Diabetes is an important risk for Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). LEAD in DM compound by the presence of peripheral vascular disease neuropathy and suspects for infections. Mortality rate is increases patient with LEAD, particular of foot ulceration, or gangrene .Three year survival rate of amputation is < 50%. Objectives: 1. To assess the lower extremity perfusion among client with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus in experimental and control group, before and after the administration of Buerger Allen exercise. 2. To assess the effectiveness of Buerger Allen exercise to prevent risk of diabetic foot by improving lower extremity perfusion among clients with Type-2 Diabetes mellitus in experimental group. 3. To compare the lower extremity perfusion to prevent risk of diabetic foot between the experimental and control group.4.To find out the association between lower extremity perfusion with selected demographic variables among experimental and control group. Methods: Quasi experimental research design was selected . 60 samples (experimental 30, control 30) selected by using non-probability purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using demographic variables, clinical variables and ABI score devised by the investigator for 30 minutes for each participant in both the experimental and control group. After the pretest, only the experimental group was administered Buerger Allen Exercise twice a day for 5 days with the interval of six hours. The control group was allowed to follow the regular activities in the hospital. After 5 days, the post test was conducted by using ABI score devised by the investigator for both the groups. Result: The findings of the study showed that in experimental group the post test mean score was 0.921 with S.D of 0.083 and in the control group, post test mean value is 0.734 with SD is 0.063.The calculated paired ‘t’ test value 4.97. Conclusion: The Study concluded that that the Buerger Allen exercises is an effective intervention in improving lower leg perfusion among clients with Type II DM