Do X-ray spectroscopies provide evidence for continuous distribution models of water at ambient conditions?

Ambient water properties have been shown to require heterogeneity. Niskanen et al. apply a linear relationship between the intensity of the 4a1 excita- tion in an electron energy loss spectroscopy gas- phase spectrum and the preedge in water and ice from X-ray Raman scattering to extract the number of hydrogen bonds (HBs) and conclude about homo- geneity of liquid water. We raise several concerns regarding their analysis and interpretation