Update on keratoconus, an underdiagnosed ophthalmologic condition

Introduction: keratoconus is a non-inflammatory corneal ectasia that progressively affects the vision of users. Objective: to describe the diagnostic aspects of keratoconus. Methods: a search for information was carried out in the Pubmed, Scopus, Clinical Key and Web of Science databases, by combining terms. Eighty-six references were selected. Development: The eye is surrounded by the sclera, which also covers a small window at the front of the eye where the cornea is located, is often referred to as the white of the eye and gives shape and rigidity to the eyeball. Genetic and environmental factors are involved in susceptibility to keratoconus; however, family history is consistently identified as an important risk factor. Its etiology is not known in detail, although it is known to have a multifactorial origin. The clinical management of keratoconus can be divided into non-surgical and surgical treatment according to the stage of development of the disease. Conclusions: Keratoconus has traditionally been described as a non-inflammatory condition, but more recently it has been associated with ocular inflammation. It usually develops during the second and third decades of life and usually progresses into the fourth decade. The condition affects all ethnicities and both sexes