PROBIOTICS AS PROMISING THERAPEUTICS: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Scientific studies have been done in recent decades to investigate the potential impact of microorganisms on the central processes of life, including states of health and pathological disorders. They found that microbe colonization causes a variety of diseases. New safe probiotics made from non-viable microbes or bacterial-free extracts have recently been on the market. These products are known as postbiotics and paraprobiotics, respectively, which prevent the colonization of the intestines by pathogens and preserve the health of the resident microflora. It is now clearer than ever that probiotic strains can have a beneficial effect on human health. Various pieces of legislation addressing safety and efficacy issues have been drafted for substances that are often administered using food, dietary items, supplements, and medications. Moreover, regulatory bodies have addressed a variety of approaches to these items, including whether or not to allow claims regarding the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of a condition. In order to evaluate the wide variety of bacterial and yeast strains, rigorous methods have been developed for evaluating potential adverse effects and conducting postmarket surveillance. Probiotics have shown greater health benefits compared to synthetic drugs like antibiotics that interfere with the normal flora in the gut. Probiotics contribute to good food and nutrition as food is their major delivery vehicle. However, precise predictions of probiotic consumption rate call for additional consideration of various parameters. In light of the multifaceted nature of probiotics, this study presents a comprehensive review of these topics, including their uses in human medicine and their quality, safety, and regulation