SUSTAINABLE AND ECO-FRIENDLY TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER BY NATURAL BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS

Water is an essential and necessary element on the earth. Regrettably, it is also highly pollutant-prone. The reason that water is a universal solvent it keeps the capability of dissolving most compounds. Water is a beautiful property that we use for daily each and every action like cleaning, cooking, taking medications etc. Nowadays many water resources are polluted by manmade sources including industrial processes, and household and agricultural wastes. Public and government concern has increased about the environmental impact of wastewater pollution day to day. For wastewater treatment to remove pollution, various conventional techniques have been applied such as adsorption, chemical coagulation, and activated sludge. But some difficulties have been observed especially that of high operation costs. Therefore, those treatment methods those have simple, convenient, low operation and maintenance costs, environment-friendly, easy to obtain, and have the ability for degrading contaminants are always required. This chapter covers various natural material techniques in wastewater treatment for the removal of industrial waste, phosphate ions, nitrate ions, and ammonium ions. Wastewater treatment methods such as adsorption, membrane filtration, refuse cement, refuse concrete, shells, limestone, charcoal-bio, charcoal, coagulation-flocculation, and activated carbon as adsorbent are covered