IMPROVEMENT OF CARGO OPERATIONS CONTROL METHODS ON BULK VESSELS

Abstract Transportation of bulk cargoes by the fleet of tankers is carried out in different climatic zones with significant fluctuations in the ambient temperature. At the same time, bulk cargo will increase its volume when its temperature increases. There is a risk of the cargo spilling onto the ship's deck. When transporting any bulk cargoes, it is allowed to use only 98% of the cargo capacity of the tanker, the remaining 2% is called the safety factor, i.e. the reserve volume for unforeseen expansion of the cargo when sailing in different climatic zones. The captain of the vessel and the captain's senior assistant (cargo assistant) should not start loading if they do not have complete information about the cargo: its physical and chemical properties, the temperature at which it will be loaded into the tanks, densities. The sender of the cargo is responsible for the correctness of the cargo information. When loading a tanker, the captain's senior assistant must manage the progress of cargo operations, and the watch assistant must constantly monitor the filling level of each tank and the weight of cargo in each tank. To monitor the level of bulk cargo in real time, various models of bulk cargo level gauges are used: float, pneumatic, ultrasonic, magnetostrictive, microwave, and others, but mainly of the radar type