FREQUENCY OF CARDIAC COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Objective: To determine the frequency of cardiac complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Patients And Methods: The six months (July 2016 to December2016) cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, Sindh Pakistan. All the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus since 5 years duration, ≥35 years of age and of either gender were enrolled in the study. After detail history, clinical examination and baseline investigations, the electrocardiography and echocardiography was performed to see the existence of any abnormal cardiac event. The data analyzed in SPSS 16 and frequency, percentages and mean ±SD was calculated for study variables. Results: During six months study period total 100 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus were studied for cardiac complications. Majority of the patients were males (65%) and belonged to rural populated areas (72%). Coronary artery disease was the most predominant cardiac complication had 30% prevalence in diabetic population, 13% patients detected having silent ischemia; 17% of the total study had atrioventricular (AV) conduction disturbances. 10% diabetic individual shad left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), 9% had bundle branch block evidence on ECG while the tachy-arrhythmias were observed in 6% diabetic individuals. Conclusion: The diabetes patients are more prone to acquire life threatening cardiac complication. Therefore strict glycemic control can reduce the risk of complications. Keywords: Cardiac complications, Diabetes mellitus, Electrocardiography and Echocardiography