Prevention of Customs Offences

The article explores the current issues of scientifically based approaches to the prevention and detection of customs crimes in the foreign economic sphere. Specific measures have been proposed to prevent them and to prevent them from spreading outside customs control in the territory of the State. The main shortcomings regarding the settlement of this issue and the way to resolve them have been revealed. The criminalization of relations in the field of foreign trade was facilitated by the slow response of the State by organizational and legal methods to the activities of external economic actors and the absence of transparent, economically sound, established rules of foreign trade and customs regulation. Despite the widespread and ever-increasing dynamics of criminal offences in the field of customs, the current state of legal science cannot yet offer effective methods of countering them, because there is no consensus on which offences are covered by the concept of "criminal offences in the field of customs" there are no boundaries of the object of influence. The Criminal Code of Ukraine provides, in addition to smuggling, for other offences that can be classified as criminal offences in the field of customs, the association of which will allow to provide a separate forensic characteristic under them, in turn will significantly facilitate the fight against them. Thus, in Ukraine, where more than 60% of gross domestic product is located in the shadow sector, where there is an unbalanced single-sided system of regulation and control, it performs mainly fiscal functions and is deprived of the possibility of full financial control of foreign economic entities there are all necessary prerequisites for the implementation of customs crimes. Thus, prevention is not only the main task of law enforcement agencies, but also a whole system, a set of measures to influence crime. Such measures include activities of various directions: economic, political, ideological, organizational, technical, legal, psychological, cultural and educational and others. Such activities require not only a large amount of material costs, but also adequate provision of human resources