JADIDISM MOVEMENT AND ITS INTEGRATION INTO THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE TURKISH PEOPLE

Many Turkish intellectuals were concerned about the escalation of the international political situation in the late 19th century, the increase in Russian occupation, and the decline in aid from the Ottoman Empire. Therefore, fearing the danger of assimilation, these intellectuals created a movement called "seriousness." From the last years of that century, Jadidism began to be used as a synonym for innovation. The idea of spreading European education among the Muslim classes of the Russian Empire without separating it from Islamic principles and harmonizing Islamic thought with European education formed the basis of the movement as a whole. To achieve this goal, the Jadids tried to base their ideas on specific requirements: the separation of the school from the madrasa; primary schools have their own subject teacher; payment of a teacher's monthly salary; application of methodology; emphasis on writing as well as reading; establishment of separate schools for girls; application of textbooks according to a single program and according to age level, etc. At the same time, these schools were supposed to teach in the mother tongue. The idea of a new school-Jadidism emerged in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as one of the results of the rapid development of socio-political events, the influence of innovations in economic life on cultural life. As the old traditions face innovations in accordance with the requirements of the time, these changes in ideology and thinking have shown, first of all, in the system of self-education. It should be noted that the period of expansion of the influence of Western culture is also marked by the introduction of the European education system in the East. As a modernization movement, the emergence and expansion of seriousness took place in a complex historical context. Apparently, a Young Turk studying in such an institution could put forward any idea of national patriotism in the future and save his nation from the threat of slavery