This thesis considers the energy efficiency of information and communication infrastructures in a smart grid - cloud system. It especially deals with communication networks and cloud data centers due to their high energy consumption, which confers them an important role in the network. The contributions of this thesis are implemented on the same framework integrating the smart grid, microgrid, cloud, data centers and users. Indeed, we have studied the interaction between the cloud data centers and the smart grid provider and we have proposed energy efficient power allocation solutions and an energy cost minimization scheme using two architectures: a smart grid-cloud architecture and a microgrid-cloud architecture. In addition, we paid close...