Conservation, Protection and Utilization Strategies for Amphibians from Satara District of Maharashtra including Ghats

ABSTRACT Amphibians are specialized for living in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems but, they are facing more difficulties in both systems due to pollutions, climatic change and interference of man to natural habitats of amphibians. Therefore, conservation, protection and utilization strategies of amphibians have been studied from Satara district especially, from the river sides of Koyna and Krishna. In-situ and ex-situ strategies have been given in the paper. Key words : Amphibians, conservation, protection, utility, Koyna & Krishna rivers, Satara, Ghats REFERENCES Chakravarty, S. and J.S. Sandhu 2003. Ex-situ conservation of wildlife. In Environmental challenges of the 21st century (edt. Arvind Kumar) pp. 613-620, 2003. Chandra, S.K. and Deuti K. Endemic amphibians of India. Rec. Zool. Survey, India 96 (1-4), 63-79, 1997. Daniel, J.C. Field guide to the Amphibians of Western India. Part-I. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 60(2), 415-437, 1963. Daniel, J.C. Field guide to the Amphibians of Western India Part-III. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 72(2), 506-523, 1975. Daniel, J.C. and Sarkar A.G. Field guide to the Amphibians of Western India Part-IV. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 86(2), 194-202, 1989. Dutta, S.K. Amphibians of India and Sri Lanka: Check list and bibliography. Odyssey publ. House, Bhuhaneshwar, pp.342, 1997. Dutta, S.K. Amphibians of India, updated species, list with distribution record. Hamadryad, 17, 1-13, 1992. Frankel, O.H. and M.E. Soule. Conservation and evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1981. IUCN World Conservation Strategy. International Union for the conservation of nature and natural resources / United Nations Environments Programme / World Wide fund for Nature and natural resources. Gland, Switzerland, 1980. Kawane R.P. and T.V.Sathe. Rearing technique for a wild silk worm Actias scalene Hubner Biolife, 3(1), 1-6, 2015. Londhe Shetal. D. and T.V.Sathe. Fish fannal diversity and occurrence from lakes of Kolhapur district. Biolife, 3(2), 437-441, 2015. Ryder, O., Brishane, P., Bowling, A., and E. Wedemeyer. Monitoring genetic variation in endangered species in Proc. Znd. Int. Nat. Cong. Syst. & Evol. Biol. (eds. Scudder, G. and Reveal, J.) Hunt Institute for Botanical documentation, Pottesburgh pemnsylvania, pp.417-424, 1981. Sathe T.V. Role of Amphibians in insect pest control. Proc. Biol. Control. Insect Desh Workshop CSIR & DST. pp.-11, 1996. Sathe T.V. Recent trends in biological pest control. Astral Int. Nat. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. pp.-1-204, 2014. Sathe T.V. and P.M.Bhoje. Amphibians for insect pest management. In recent trends in biological pest control (edt. T.V.Sathe). Astral Int. Nat. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. pp.160-171, 2014. Sathe T.V. , Nishad Sathe, Aruna Sathe, Dattatraya Ghodke and Asawari Sathe. Poisonous insects of Kolhapur, India and their treatment. Biolife, 3(1), 235-242, 2015. Wheater, B.J.; Karsten P. and U. Seal. The world Zoo conservation strategies. The role of the zoos and aquaria of the world in global conservation 1002G. The world zoo organization and the capitive breeding specialist group of IUCN / SSC. Chicago Zoological Society, Illinois, USA, 1993