A SUSTAINABLE WAY FOR ENERGY IN FUTURE AND CHALLENGES FOR SOLAR ENERGY UTILIZATION

This article discusses the transition from a chemical energy base built on fossil fuels to physical energy base built mainly on electricity from renewable sources. This transition is predetermined by laws of physics. Hydrogen is not a new energy, but only an artificial synthetic energy carrier. It has to be fabricated from high grade energy like electricity or natural gas. Before the technology of hydrogen is developed or implemented, it has to compete with high grade energy in the market. Sun energy is by far the largest exploitable resource, providing more energy in one hour to the earth than all the energy consumed by human in an entire year. In view of the intermittency of insolation, if solar energy is to be a major primary energy source, it must be stored and dispatched on demand to the end user. An especially attractive approach is to store-converted energy in form of chemical bonds. Scientific challenges involves with this process in addition to capturing and converting solar energy and then store the energy in form of chemical bonds, producing oxygen from water and reduce fuel such as hydrogen