The feet construction of 9-year-old children

Szczepanowska-Wołowiec Beata, Sztandera Paulina. The feet construction of 9-year-old children. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(7):39-46. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1256747 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5545 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/866417 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author(s) 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.05.2018. Revised: 18.05.2018. Accepted: 31.05.2018. The feet construction of 9-year-old children Beata Szczepanowska-Wołowiec1,2, Paulina Sztandera3 1Department of Rehabilitation in Disease of the Locomotor, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland Head of the Department: Prof. Ireneusz Kotela MD, PhD 2Rehabilitation Department, Regional Polyclinical Hospital, Kielce, Poland Head of the Department: Grażyna Ściegienna-Zdeb MD 3Doctoral Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland Beata Szczepanowska-Wołowiec ORCID ID 0000-0002-7051-3042, email: beatawolowiec@op.pl, Paulina Sztandera ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1848-562X, email: sztandera.paulina@gmail.com Abstract Introduction and purpose of the work, The human foot it is a very complex structure of the body, as it contains 26 bones, 19 muscles and 33 joints. Because of the cooperation all of those elements, the foot could fulfillthree basic functions such as load, amortization and locomotive functions. The aim of this research was to evaluate the feet construction in 9-year-old children from Masłów and Górno District. Material and method, The study involved 168 9-year-old children. There were 89 (53%) and boys 79 (47%) in the study group. The study was conducted in 2015/2016. The children were examined in schools after prior permission given by principals and parents or legal guardians. The body weight of the children was measured using the Tanita device and the body height was measured with the use of SECA. Then, the BMI index was calculated and compared to Centil grid presented in Olaf study. The plantar part of the foot was evaluated by 2D podoscanner. The relationship between the chosen parameters, sex and BMI was calculated. To examine the relationships, the author took advantage of nonparametric tests - Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, Manna-Whitneya-Wilcoxona test and χ2 test. When the level of statistical significance equaled p