ТРАНЗИТОЛОГІЯ ЯК ГАЛУЗЬ НАУКОВИХ СТУДІЙ

The article is devoted to the formation of a new branch of research studies – transitology. It purposes is an interdisciplinary analysis of the transitive studies formation and identification of prospects for their further development. The author notes that transitology having emerged in political science from the need to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations for the research of the processes of transition to democracy. The transition to democracy was represented in the transitive paradigm as a process of consistent institutionalization of political change, which in its development takes place in three stages: liberalization (the institutionalization of civil liberties without the transformation of the ruling apparatus), democratization (the institutionalization of the democratic power, which based on the free competition of political forces) and socialization (the institutionalization of democratic political behavior). Then it spread to economic science, where the object of research was the processes of transition to a market economy. However, the analogous direction is still absent in cultural science, which hampers the formation of an integrated approach to the analysis of social changes taking place in the modern world. The author believes that it should be related to relevant directions in political and economic sciences and must complete the process of developing an integrated approach to the study of social transformations taking place in the modern world. The initial and desirable final positions of cultural transformation must be correlated with similar positions of political and economic transitions. Such positions should recognize the closed and open types of culture. Such positions should recognize the «closed» and «open» types of culture, since it is the «discovery of culture» is the problem that determines the course and outcome of the democratization process in both postcommunist countries and developing countries of the Third World