Plant Based Diets and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Rozenbajgier, Martyna, Wójcik-Grudzień, Justyna, Pawłowska, Paulina, Ozga-Stachurska, Alicja. Plant Based Diets and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2022;12(9):439-445. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.09.050 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/39714 https://zenodo.org/record/7047779 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.08.2022. Revised: 02.09.2022. Accepted: 04.09.2022. 00001Plant Based Diets and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Martyna Rozenbajgier 1a, Justyna Wójcik-Grudzień 2b, Paulina Pawłowska 3c, Alicja Ozga-Stachurska 3d a) rozenbajgier.martyna@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5165-9719 b) justynawojcik455@gmail.com ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7163-6784 c) aozga1@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-905X d) paulina.piotrowska222@gmail.com ;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-952X 1) 5 Wojskowy Szpital Kliniczny z Polikliniką SPZOZ w Krakowie 2) Mazowiecki Szpital Specjalistyczny Sp. z o. o. w Radomiu 3) Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Stefana Kardynała Wyszyńskiego Samodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej w Lublinie Corresponding author: Martyna Rozenbajgier e-mail: rozenbajgie.martyna@gmail.com ORCID: 0000-0001-5165-9719 Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes in the world continues to increase. Most cases of type 2 diabetes are caused by modifiable risk factors, including unhealthy diets based on meat and processed products, low physical activity, overweight and obesity. Research suggests that plant-based diets have shown significant weight reduction benefits compared to non-plant-based diets and improve glycemic control to a greater extent than conventional diabetic diets. The aim of the study: assessment of the frequency of developing diabetes t.2 in people eating various types of vegetarian diets compared to people whose diet contains animal products. Material and methods: Standard criteria were used to review the literature data. The search of articles in the PubMed and Google Scholar database was carried out using the following keywords: plant based diet, vegetarian diet, type 2 diabetes. Description of the state of knowledge: Food products such as red meat, especially processed meat, are one of the most important risk factors for metabolic disorders, including diabetes. A healthy and properly balanced plant-based diet can positively affect the carbohydrate metabolism. Due to the high fiber content, this diet has a low energy density. It also contains flavonoids and a high amount of antioxidants beneficial to human health. Summary: Properly balanced vegetarian diets lower the risk of developing metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Plant-based diets range from vegan, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, peso-vegetarian, and semi-vegetarian diets. Different types of diets show differences in therapeutic effects. The most important factor connecting these different diets is the focusing on whole grains, vegetables and fruits, nuts, legumes, and limiting consumption of saturated and trans fats. Key words: type 2 diabetes, plant based diet, vegetarian die