CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) ASSOCIATION WITH POSITIVE FAMILY HISTORY IN THE CHILDREN OF PAKISTAN (AGE GROUP 8 – 10 YEARS)

Objective: The aim of the analysis is to evaluate the possible risk factors of diabetes and cardiac diseases among children in Pakistan. The research also includes the association of such children with corpulence and previous history in close relatives for the diseases under discussion.Design: The questionnaire method was used for the collection of demographic and other required data (family history and eating habits etc). The children were studying in four different schools and were between 8 – 10 years of age. Blood samples for insulin, lipids profile and fasting glucose were taken.Setting: A total of ninety-nine children participated in the current which was carried out at Services Hospital, Lahore and included the students of various schools (June, 2016 to September, 2017). Required blood samples were obtained for each child.Subjects: The results were compared with a control group of 39 children. Children who had a family history of diabetes were 44 in numbers and those who had a CHD were 16. Results: The children BMI was slightly higher in cases of positive family incidences of diabetes as compared to the control group. Arm fat percentage and waist measurements mean values were also a bit higher but yet not higher enough to be statistically significant. The obese children were having the same risk factors and were not statistically significant. On the other hand, the children with increased arm fat percentage showed higher readings for Triglycerides, LDL-C, Cholesterol, HDL, LDL and Insulin.Conclusion: The risk factors associated with cardio vascular disease and diabetes inherited by the children from their families is well known and can be checked by the percentage of fat in the body. Therefore, in case of absence of previous family history in some cases, arm fat is considered as an independent measure of the risks factors of the said disease among children. Keywords: Obesity, Triglycerides, Diabetes, Heart disease, Family history, Lipid