Evaluation of Liquefaction Hazards in Soil Layers along Tabriz Metro Line 1 based on Practical Methods

Settlements in the ground and deep soil layers can occur after the liquefaction phenomenon—these deformations damage structures, buildings, and lifelines. Several practical methods have recently been proposed based on fields and laboratory data for evaluating volumetric strain (settlement) and maximum shear strain due to liquefaction. The present study mainly aimed to compare liquefaction potential assessment findings in terms of risk intensity and settlement values of soil layers after liquefaction using Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Energy Methods along Tabriz Metro Line 1. Thus, 31 boreholes along the path were selected in this regard. Then, the liquefaction potential of soil layers was assessed based on the above-mentioned methods, and the liquefaction potential risk index was determined as well. Finally, the settlement value of soil layers was evaluated according to the two proposed methods' findings. The findings showed that both processes were relatively correlated, and the energy method proposed higher liquefaction potential risk compared to the SPT procedure