Threats of the financial security of business entities in Ukraine under martial law

The subject of the research is financial security of Ukrainian enterprises under martial law. The purpose of the article is identification of threats to the financial security of enterprises of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law in order to apply preventive tools for their prevention and leveling of destructive influence. The methodology of the work is systematic method of cognition, dialectical positions of macro– and microeconomics, theories of financial science. The following special methods are used: theoretical generalization – when studying the concepts of «financial security of business entities» and «threats of the financial security of business entities»; methods of grouping and systematization – in order to classify threats to the financial security of business structures; analysis, synthesis and comparison – to assess the consequences of Russian aggression for business entities during 2022–2023. The results of the work – the essence of the concepts «financial security of business entities» and «threats to the financial security of business entities» was investigated, the need to develop a new, adequate to the conditions of martial law, approach to ensuring the financial security of business entities in Ukraine was substantiated; threats to the financial security of business entities are classified according to key features. The main external and internal threats to the financial security of business units in peacetime are identified and new types of them caused by war are outlined. In accordance with the established threats of martial law, organizational and economic measures are outlined for their prevention and leveling of the destructive impact on the financial security of business entities. Conclusions. Financial security of business entities is an integral characteristic of their functioning. Its achieved level makes it possible to assess the quality of not only financial management, but also legal, personnel, and information support for the activities of business units. Therefore, ensuring the financial security of business structures is one of the most significant tasks of the management of economic entities in peacetime and becomes especially relevant during wartime. The functioning of the economy of Ukraine and individual enterprises in the conditions of martial law is characterized by the emergence of new challenges and threats to their financial security. A significant number of Ukrainian enterprises suffered devastating consequences of the war, some of which were forced to stop their activities or switch to part–time operation, others to reduce production volumes due to problems with logistics, shortage of raw materials or loss of demand due to mass forced emigration of the population. The disruption of previously established product supply chains has not yet been restored. There was a destruction of established regional relationships between business entities, an imbalance in the financial flows of many domestic companies that generated a significant share of GDP. The situation is also complicated by the presence of systemic financial security problems that have accumulated in the country over a considerable period of time. These are, in particular, a high level of inflation, the growth of the shadow economy, a significant degree of criminality in society, corruption, raiding, political instability, hybrid aggression, financial instability caused by the Covid–19 pandemic, difficulties in the post–pandemic period, etc. Therefore, the need of the hour is to take into account systemic destabilizing factors of financial security, as well as to identify new threats to the financial security of business entities in order to develop appropriate tools for their prevention. This requires, first of all, the implementation of constant dynamic work on monitoring threats and the adoption of organizational and economic measures for rapid response to new challenges. This approach will make it possible to maximally preserve the financial balance of business entities in the extreme conditions of war and to significantly increase the level of their financial security