THYROID GLAND PATHOLOGY IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES

Abstract Thyroid pathology in children with diabetes mellitus type 1 was analyzed. Thyroid hormonal background was studied in examined children with type 1 diabetes depending on gender, state of compensation and duration of diabetes mellitus type 1. Анотація Проаналізовано тиреоїдну патологію в дітей із цукровим діабетом типу 1. Вивчено тиреоїдний гормональний фон у обстежених дітей із цукровим діабетом типу 1 залежно від статі, стану компенсації та тривалості цукрового діабету типу 1.Список літератури: 1. Pietropaolo M, Towns R, Eisenbarth GS. Humoral autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes: prediction, significance, and detection of distinct disease subtypes. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012; 2(10): a012831. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a012831 2. Nokoff N, Rewers M. Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes: lessons from natural history studies of high-risk individuals. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2013;1281(1):1-15. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12021 3. Derrou S, El Guendouz F, Benabdelfedil Y, Chakri I, Ouleghzal H, Safi S. The profile of autoimmunity in Type 1 diabetes patients. Ann Afr Med. 2021; 20(1): 19-23. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_8_20 4. Boitard C. Pancreatic islet autoimmunity. Presse Med. 2012; 41(12 P 2):e636-50. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2012.10.003 5. Tsirogianni A, Pipi E, Soufleros K. Specificity of islet cell autoantibodies and coexistence with other organ specific autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Autoimmun Rev. 2009; 8(8):687-91. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2009.02.019 6. Winter WE, Schatz DA. Autoimmune markers in diabetes. Clin Chem. 2011; 57(2):168-75. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2010.148205 7. Alves C, Santos LS, Toralles MB. Association of type 1 diabetes mellitus and autoimmune disorders in Brazilian children and adolescents. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2016; 20(3):381-6. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.179994 8. Hage M, Zantout MS, Azar ST. Thyroid disorders and diabetes mellitus. J Thyroid Res. 2011;2011:439463. doi: 10.4061/2011/439463 9. Kahaly GJ, Hansen MP. Type 1 diabetes associated autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev. 2016; 15(7):644-8. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.02.017 10. Triolo TM, Armstrong TK, McFann K, Yu L, Rewers MJ, Klingensmith GJ, Eisenbarth GS, Barker JM. Additional autoimmune disease found in 33% of patients at type 1 diabetes onset. Diabetes Care. 2011; 34(5):1211-3. doi: 10.2337/dc10-1756 11. Levin L, Ban Y, Concepcion E, Davies TF, Greenberg DA, Tomer Y. Analysis of HLA genes in families with autoimmune diabetes and thyroiditis. Hum Immunol. 2004; 65(6):640-7. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2004.02.026 12. Holl RW, Bohm B, Loos U, Grabert M, Heinze E, Homoki J. Thyroid autoimmunity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Effect of age, gender and HLA type. Horm Res. 1999; 52(3):113-8. doi: 10.1159/000023446 13. Ahmed SA, Talal N. Sex hormones and the immune system--Part 2. Animal data. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol. 1990; 4(1):13-31. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3579(05)80241-