Observations of Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances in the F-region

This technical report analyses signatures of Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) in the bottomside ionosphere and in the lower altitudes of the topside ionosphere (F-region). The analysis is based on ionospheric characteristics extracted from ionograms and on in-situ electron density observations from Swarm satellites in the topside ionosphere. This work is part of the EOARD grant “Spatial Trajectory of Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances”