Outcome of Chronic Occlusion Restoration by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective: To evaluate the technical success of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in chronic total occlusion (CTO). Materials and methods: This observational study was conducted between February 2016 to February 2017 in the cardiology department of Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan. Seventy patients who met the criteria of union and exclusion were included in the study. All CTO PCIs were made by experienced cardiologists. A 30 minute fluoroscopic time was assigned to ligate the lesion. The primary end point was the success of the procedures. The procedure was abandoned and failed if the angioplasty had progressed or if there was a secondary endpoint with complications such as coronary dissection, perforation or hemodynamic instability. The procedure has been concluded on the achievement of either the primary endpoint or any of the secondary endpoints. Findings: Mean age of the patients was 52.7 ± 9.9 years, mean height was 167.22 ± 6.4 cm, mean weight was 76.3 ± 9 kg. 57 (81.4%) of the 70 patients were male and 13 (18.6) were female. 22 (31.4%) were diabetic, 39 (55.7%) were hypertensive, 34 (48.6%) were smokers and 17 (24.3%) were family history in terms of coronary artery risk factors. Ischemic heart disease and 13 (13%) had a history of ischemic heart disease. The diseased artery was left in 32 (45.7%) patients with anterior descending (LAD), 9 (12.9%) with left circumflex (LCX) and 29 (41.4%) with right coronary artery (RCA). Distal vessels were seen in 56 patients (80%) in terms of CTO lesion characteristics, anterograde flow 45 (64.3%), retrograde flow 25 (35.7%) and calcification 9 (12.9%). The stump shape contracted in 46 (65.7%) and 24 (34.3%). There were collateral collaterals in 36 (51.4%) cases, bridge collaterals in 13 (18.6%) and less than 2 mm lateral branches in 42 mm (60%) lesions. The length of the lesion was