YIELD AND QUALITY INDICATORS OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN IN THE CONTEXT OF COMBINED USE OF A MICROBIAL PREPARATION AND MINERAL FERTILIZER

It is a commonly known fact that large doses of mineral fertilizers increase grain crops’ yield and quality. However, fertilization leads to undesirable effects – in particular, environmental pollution. This creates a need to replace mineral fertilizers, at least partially, with alternative methods. One of such methods is the use of microbial preparations in modern technologies for growing cereals. This research, therefore, aimed to study the effect of combined use of the microbial preparation “Phosphostim-Agro” (based on bacterium Lelliottia nimipressuralis CCM 32-3) and mineral fertilizer Ammophos on winter wheat grain yield and quality indicators, namely the content of gluten, protein and amino acids under conditions of field experiments. The studies were conducted in 2016–2019 at the experimental fields of Agro-Industrial College – structural unit of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University (Simferopolsky district). Soil of the experimental plot – chernozem southern calcareous heavy loamy. The analysis of the field experiments showed that the combined use of the microbial preparation “Phosphostim-Agro” for presowing seed inoculation and mineral fertilizers Ammophos at the rate of P30 contributed to higher values of grain productivity: they reliably exceeded the control (without inoculation) by 31.5 %. The content of protein and gluten in the grain also increased up to 12.5 % and 28.0 %, while in the control, these figures were 10.8 % and 21.2 %, respectively. Combined use of the microbial preparation “Phosphostim Agro” and mineral fertilizers Ammophos at the rate of P30 contributed to the accumulation of the total content of amino acids in wheat grain in an amount equivalent to the application of fertilizers at the rate of P90