GRAPHENE BASED NANOCOMPLEXES CAN BE RATIONALLY MODIFIED WITH A VARIETY OF FUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS TO IMPROVE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS INCLUDING GENE THERAPY

Graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs)-based nanocomplexes have been hailed as a rising star in the field of nanomaterials. GFNs can be rationally modified with a variety of functional chemicals to improve therapeutic effectiveness. The active targeted drug delivery of GFNs is facilitated by conjugating with particular targeting ligands. A phototherapy method combining GFNs and PSs that may cause the formation of ROS with the help of NIR light irradiation, for example, has been shown to be effective in PTT. GFNs can cause cellular injuries such as cytoskeletal disorders, organelle dysfunction, protein corona damage, and damage to biological macromolecules after being absorbed into the human body. To decrease the toxicity of GFNs, biocompatible polymers such as peptides, PEG, hyperbranched polyglycerol, -cyclodextrin, and a variety of polysaccharides have been used. When combined with successful treatment methods, GFNs have the potential to be used in a range of clinical applications in biomedicine, including biosensing, bioimaging, tissue engineering, and medication delivery. However, success in translating GFNs-based nanocomplexes from the bench to the bedside remains a long way off