Commentary: Second-hand smoke and other potential lung cancer exposures among non-smoking women

Lung cancer among non-smoking individuals is mostly associated with the second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure. Other risk factors or exposures include air-pollution, radon, asbestos, certain heavy metals and chemicals. Furthermore, family history of lung cancer among blood relatives could also be associated with this cancer. The SHS exposure increases the risk of lung cancer in a dose-response manner among non-smokers. There is a need for enhanced surveillance and research to study the relatively less prominent risk factors of lung cancer among non-smoking females from diverse demographic and geographical backgrounds. The early screening of non-smoking household members of smokers could play an important role in future control and prognosis of lung cancer