Exploring the Anti-lipidemic Activity of Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) Using In Vitro Assay

Abstract: Lipid-related metabolic disorders, including obesity and dyslipidemia, are significant global health concerns with limited effective therapeutic options. Natural plant extracts have gained attention as potential sources of novel anti-lipidemic agents. In this study, we investigated the anti-lipidemic potential of Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) extracts using in vitro assays. Phytochemical analysis of the Hawthorn extracts revealed a diverse profile of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, oligomeric proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. We then performed an MTT assay to assess cytotoxicity and observed that the extracts demonstrated no cytotoxic effects at concentrations up to 5 mg/mL, ensuring their safety for further investigations. Subsequently, the impact of Hawthorn extracts on adipocyte differentiation was evaluated using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Remarkably, the extracts significantly inhibited adipogenesis, resulting in a reduction in lipid-filled adipocytes. This inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation was further confirmed through Oil Red O staining, which showed a dose-dependent reduction in lipid content in the treated cells. The results of this study highlight the potential of Hawthorn extracts as promising natural anti-lipidemic agents and warrant further investigations to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for their observed effects