Establishing regularities of temperature conductivity reduction when protecting fabric against fire by intumescent coating

This paper has analyzed materials for fire protection of textile products; it was found that there are not enough data to explain and describe the process of fire protection. Neglecting modern coatings leads to the ignition of fabric structures under the action of flame. Devising reliable methods for studying the conditions of fabric fire protection leads to the design of new types of fireproof materials. Therefore, there is a need to determine the conditions that form a barrier to high fabric temperature and to establish a mechanism for inhibiting heat transfer to the material. In this regard, the thermal conductivity process was simulated on the fabric surface using an intumescent coating, which makes it possible to estimate the coefficient of thermal conductivity at high temperatures. Based on the experimental data and theoretical dependences, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the fire-retardant layer of coked foam was calculated, which is 8.9×10-6 m2/s, due to the formation of a heat-insulating layer. The study results proved that the process of thermal insulation of textile material involves not only the decomposition of flame retardants with the formation of inert gases that interact with the flame on the sample surface but also the inhibition of heat transfer to the material treated with an intumescent coating that forms a thermally-insulating layer of coked foam on the fabric surface. The maximum possible penetration of temperature was estimated, namely generating a temperature on the sample's surface that significantly exceeds the ignition temperature of the fabric, and does not exceed 215 °C on the unheated surface. Thus, there is reason to argue about the possibility of targeted adjustment of the processes of fabric fire protection by applying coatings capable of forming a protective layer on the surface of the material, which inhibits the rate of heat transfe