THE HEN'S EGG TEST - CHORIO-ALLANTOIC-MEMBRANE (HET -CAM) AND HAEMOLYSIS STUDY AS AN ALTERNATIVE TEST FOR OCCULAR IRRITANCY ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS (Draize Test)

Human eyes are frequently exposed to chemicals accidentally or on purpose due to their external location. Therefore, chemicals are required to undergo the evaluation of the ocular irritancy for their safe handling and use before release into the market. Draize rabbit eye test developed in 1944, has been a gold standard test which was enlisted as OECD TG 404 and OECD TG 405 but it has been criticized with respect to animal welfare due to invasive and cruel procedure. To replace it, diverse alternatives have been developed: (i) Hen Egg Test-Chorio-Allantoic-Membrane (HET-CAM) test (ii) RBC Haemolysis study